Prasad, Shalini
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/10735.1/3738
Shalini Prasad is the Cecil H. and Ida Green Professor in Systems Biology Science and Professor of Bioengineering. Dr. Prasad is also the leader of the Department of Bioengineering and the Director of the Biomedical Microdevices and Nanotechnology Lab. Her research is multi-disciplinary and "includes the engineering of multi-functional nanomaterials for designing portable devices and platforms for cellular and molecular diagnostics." The goal is to improve devices for faster, more affordable and accurate diagnosis of cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and cardiovascular diseases.Learn more about Dr. Prasad on her Endowed Professorships and Chairs, Department of Bioengineering Faculty page and her laboratory website.
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Browsing Prasad, Shalini by Author "0000-0002-2404-3801 (Prasad, S)"
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Item Screen Printed Graphene Oxide Textile Biosensor for Applications in Inexpensive and Wearable Point-Of-Exposure Detection of Influenza for At-Risk Populations(Electrochemical Society Inc.) Kinnamon, David S.; Krishnan, Siddharth; Brosler, Samantha; Sun, Evan; Prasad, Shalini; 0000 0001 2765 4678 (Prasad, S); 0000-0002-2404-3801 (Prasad, S); Kinnamon, David S.; Krishnan, Siddharth; Brosler, Samantha; Sun, Evan; Prasad, ShaliniA textile screen-printed biosensor was developed using silver conductive electrodes and graphene oxide transduction film built upon both nanoporous polyamide and consumer utility textiles for the detection of environmental exposure to influenza A virus. An affinity assay was constructed upon the graphene oxide layer to introduce influenza protein-specific antibodies to the sensor surface. Validation of fabrication reproducibility and stability, as well as affinity assay stability, was conducted using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The textile sensor was utilized for the detection of influenza A in biofluid analog buffer. Its linear dynamic range was from 10 ng/mL to 10 µg/mL with a limit of detection of 10 ng/mL, spanning both pre- and post-symptomatic ranges. The sensor can be integrated into common textiles and worn by at-risk populations to detect exposure to the virus before symptoms manifest. If integrated with Internet-of-Things reporting platforms, this sensor could have the ability to predict potential influenza outbreaks before broad symptoms manifest, reducing the physical and economic burden of the disease. © The Author(s) 2018.Item Simultaneous Lancet-Free Monitoring of Alcohol and Glucose from Low-Volumes of Perspired Human SweatBhide, Ashlesha; Muthukumar, Sriram; Saini, Amreek; Prasad, Shalini; 0000 0001 2765 4678 (Prasad, S); 0000-0002-2404-3801 (Prasad, S); Bhide, Ashlesha; Saini, Amreek; Prasad, ShaliniA lancet-free, label-free biosensor for simultaneous detection of sweat glucose and alcohol was demonstrated using zinc oxide thin films integrated into a nanoporous flexible electrode system. Sensing was achieved from perspired human sweat at low volumes (1-3μL), comparable to ambient conditions without external stimulation. Zinc oxide thin film electrodes were surface functionalized with alcohol oxidase enzyme and with glucose oxidase enzyme towards developing an affinity biosensor specific to the physiological relevant range of alcohol comprising of 0-2 drinks (0-50mg/dl) and physiologically relevant range of glucose ranging from hypo- to hyper-glycaemia (50- 130mg/dl) in perspired human sweat. Sensing was achieved by measuring impedance changes associated with alcohol and glucose binding onto the sensor interface using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy with a dynamic range from 0.01-200mg/dl and a limit of detection of 0.01mg/dl for alcohol in human sweat. Sensor calibration in synthetic sweat containing interferents (25-200mg/dl) and comparison using regression and Bland-Altman analysis of sweat sensor performance was done with BACtrack. Combinatorial detection of glucose and ethanol in perspired human sweat and comparison of sweat sensor performance with Accu-Chek blood glucose monitoring system that we expect would be relevant for pre-diabetics and diabetics for monitoring their glucose levels and alcohol consumption.Item Ultrasensitive and Rapid-Response Sensor for the Electrochemical Detection of Antibiotic Residues within Meat Samples(American Chemical Society) Stevenson, Hunter S.; Shetty, Shubrath S.; Thomas, Noel J.; Dhamu, Vidram N.; Bhide, Ashlesha; Prasad, Shalini; 0000-0002-2404-3801 (Prasad, S); Stevenson, Hunter S.; Shetty, Shubrath S.; Thomas, Noel J.; Dhamu, Vidram N.; Bhide, Ashlesha; Prasad, ShaliniAntimicrobial use in livestock has emerged as a pressing global issue because of the rise of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria. Regulatory authorities across the globe have taken steps to discourage the misuse of these antibiotics by banning or limiting the use of medically important antibiotics in food animals. However, to ensure that food animals are not being administered antibiotics inappropriately, there is a need for a reliable, raid-response biosensor that can detect the presence of these antibiotic residuals in meat products. We have developed an affinity-based electrochemical biosensor for the label-free detection of ceftiofur residues in meat samples. The sensor uses a self-assembled immunoassay to target the ceftiofur biomarker by employing electrochemical impedance spectroscopy to probe the interfacial capacitive changes as ceftiofur binds to the sensor surface. We have demonstrated a platform that can detect ceftiofur within 15 min of introducing the sample at concentrations down to 0.01 ng/mL in 1× phosphate-buffered saline and 10 ng/mL in 220 mg ground turkey meat samples. © 2019 American Chemical Society.Item Use of Dicationic Ionic Liquids as a Novel Liquid Platform for Dielectrophoretic Cell Manipulation(Royal Society of Chemistry) Taruvai Kalyana Kumar, Rajeshwari; De Mello Gindri, Izabelle.; Kinnamon, David; Rodrigues, Daniele C.; Frizzo, C. P.; Prasad, Shalini; 0000-0002-2404-3801 (Prasad, S); Taruvai Kalyana Kumar, Rajeshwari; De Mello Gindri, Izabelle; Kinnamon, David; Rodrigues, Daniele C.; Prasad, ShaliniSeparation, characterization and analysis of target cells demonstrate critical cues for diagnosis and monitoring of chronic diseases. Electrokinetic cell separation methods have been previously established to have greater efficiency when compared to traditional flow cytometry methods. Ionic liquids show promise in the design of conductive buffers with required electrical properties suitable for electrokinetic manipulation of cells with an enhanced signal to noise ratio (SNR). The goal of this project is to design and test tailored ionic liquid compositions with the hypothesis that dielectrophoretic forces are enhanced on cells while creating an environment for retaining cell integrity. We analysed two uniquely synthesized methylimidazolium based ionic liquids with a low toxicity as conductive suspension buffers for cell separation. These dicationic ionic liquids possess slight electrical and structural differences with high thermal stability. The two ionic liquids were tested for cytotoxicity and their ability to enhance SNR. We validated our hypothesis using osteosarcoma cells Saos-2 and MC3T3-E1 osteoblast cells. The tests were compared against commonly used dielectrophoretic sucrose-isotonic solution. The effects of electrical neutrality, charged particle effects, free charge screening due to ionic liquids from cells were studied using a single-shell model. Effects of ionic liquid and isotonic medium on electrokinetic signal from cells were studied through dielectrophoretic force profiles as a function of non-linear displacement of cells in the two ionic liquids and control media. We observed significant differences in electrokinetic responses between healthy and cancerous cells and steady increase in signal magnitude resulting in enhanced SNR using ILs when compared against sucrose buffer.Item A Wearable Biochemical Sensor for Monitoring Alcohol Consumption Lifestyle Through Ethyl Glucuronide (EtG) Detection in Human Sweat(Nature Publishing Group) Panneer Selvam, Anjan; Muthukumar, Sriram; Kamakoti, Vikramshankar; Prasad, Shalini; 0000 0001 2765 4678 (Prasad, S); 0000-0002-2404-3801 (Prasad, S); Panneer Selvam, Anjan; Kamakoti, Vikramshankar; Prasad, ShaliniWe demonstrate for the first time a wearable biochemical sensor for monitoring alcohol consumption through the detection and quantification of a metabolite of ethanol, ethyl glucuronide (EtG). We designed and fabricated two co-planar sensors with gold and zinc oxide as sensing electrodes. We also designed a LED based reporting for the presence of EtG in the human sweat samples. The sensor functions on affinity based immunoassay principles whereby monoclonal antibodies for EtG were immobilized on the electrodes using thiol based chemistry. Detection of EtG from human sweat was achieved through chemiresistive sensing mechanism. In this method, an AC voltage was applied across the two coplanar electrodes and the impedance across the sensor electrodes was measured and calibrated for physiologically relevant doses of EtG in human sweat. EtG detection over a dose concentration of 0.001-100 μg/L was demonstrated on both glass and polyimide substrates. Detection sensitivity was lower at 1 μg/L with gold electrodes as compared to ZnO, which had detection sensitivity of 0.001 μg/L. Based on the detection range the wearable sensor has the ability to detect alcohol consumption of up to 11 standard drinks in the US over a period of 4 to 9 hours.;