Browsing by Author "Bardhan, Indranil R."
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Item Business Value of Information Technology: Testing the Interaction Effect of IT and R&D on Tobin's QBardhan, Indranil R.; Krishnan, V.; Lin, S.; 214385899 (Bardhan, IR)The business case for investing in information technology (IT) has received increasing scrutiny in recent years. We propose that IT investments create additional business value through interactions with other business processes. In this paper, we formalize the interaction effect of IT by focusing on one core function, namely, research and development (R&D). We hypothesize that investments in IT can interact with and complement a firm's R&D investments, enhancing the firm's shareholder value creation potential. We test this by hypothesis by estimating the interaction impact of IT and R&D investments on Tobin's q, a forward-looking measure of firm performance using a recent multiyear, firm-level, archival data set. Our results suggest that the interaction effect of R&D and IT on Tobin's q is positive and significant after controlling for other firm- and industryspecific effects. Our findings provide rigorous empirical support for recent anecdotal evidence in the managerial literature with respect to the manner in which IT is enabling R&D-intensive innovation processes. Our analysis underscores the need for coordinated investments in IT and R&D, and permeating IT capabilities throughout other business processes such as R&D.Item Essays on the Economic and Clinical Impact of Health Information Technology(2019-05) Bao, Chenzhang; Singh, Harpreet; Bardhan, Indranil R.The U.S. healthcare system is characterized as inefficient, with excessive expenditure but low care quality. Recent healthcare reform aims to address these concerns and advocates health information technology (IT) as a key component to assist in this goal. In this dissertation, we study the role of health IT innovations under the value-based care structure in reducing cost, boosting quality of care, and improving healthcare efficiency. In the first essay, we focus on the Medicare Accountable Care Organization (ACO) program, which is a major healthcare payment reform initiative. We find that electronic health record (EHR) as an enabler of health information exchange enhances the association between ACO efficiency and quality of care. Our results indicate that meaningful use of EHR contributes to the capability to pursue both performance dimensions with respect to delivery of high-quality care in an efficient manner. In the second essay, we further verify that health information sharing is beneficial in terms of shorter emergency department wait time, reduced inpatient expense, and lower length of stay. However, it is not easy to exchange patient health records across providers. We empirically show that hospitals that adopt electronic medical records (EMR) from commercial vendors are more likely to exchange clinical data when compared to hospitals that use self-developed EMR systems. We also find that both participating in a health information exchange (HIE) and using the same EMR as other regional peer hospitals contribute to the capability of communicating patient data. In the third essay, we focus on patient-centric health IT, termed “patient portals”. We examine the impact of effective usage of patient portal technologies on health outcomes of congestive heart failure patients. We observe that frequent usage of clinical-oriented features, including viewing lab results, requesting medication refills and advice, and interactive messaging with providers, is associated with improvements in several health outcome measures with respect to the frequency of inpatient and emergency visits, readmission risk, and length of hospital stay. Collectively, this dissertation reveals the impact and the mechanism through which health IT systems are improving healthcare delivery, thereby providing a foundation to better understand the role of health IT in the era of healthcare reform. We posit that our findings provide implications associated with the adoption and usage of health IT for healthcare practitioners and policy makers, in an endeavor to revive the U.S. healthcare system.Item The Impact of Health Information Sharing on Duplicate Testing(University of Minnesota, 2018-05-30) Ayabakan, S.; Bardhan, Indranil R.; Zheng, Zhiqiang; Kirksey, K.; Bardhan, Indranil R.; Zheng, ZhiqiangRecent healthcare reform has focused on reducing excessive waste in the U.S. healthcare system, with duplicate testing being one of the main culprits. We explore the factors associated with duplicate tests when patients utilize healthcare services from multiple providers, and yet information sharing across these providers is fragmented. We hypothesize that implementation of health information sharing technologies will reduce the duplication rate more for radiology tests compared to laboratory tests, especially when health information sharing technologies are implemented across disparate provider organizations. We utilize a unique panel data set consisting of 39,600 patient visits from 2005 to 2012, across outpatient clinics of 68 hospitals, to test our hypotheses. We apply a quasi-experimental approach to investigate the impact of health information sharing technologies on the duplicate testing rate. Our results indicate that usage of information sharing technologies across health organizations is associated with lower duplication rates, and the extent of reduction in duplicate tests is more pronounced among radiology tests compared to laboratory tests. Our results support the need for implementation of health information exchanges as a potential solution to reduce the incidence of duplicate tests.