Browsing by Author "Ramachandran, Janani"
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Item IL-1 Induces p62/SQSTM1 and Autophagy in ERα⁺/PR⁺ BCa Cell Lines Concomitant with ERα and PR Repression, Conferring an ERα⁻/PR⁻ BCa-Like Phenotype(Wiley, 2019-02) Nawas, Afshan Fathima; Mistry, Ragini; Narayanan, Shrinath; Thomas-Jardin, Shayna Elizabeth; Ramachandran, Janani; Ravichandran, Jananisree; Neduvelil, Ebin; Luangpanh, Krisha; Delk, Nikki A.; Nawas, Afshan Fathima; Mistry, Ragini; Narayanan, Shrinath; Thomas-Jardin, Shayna Elizabeth; Ramachandran, Janani; Ravichandran, Jananisree; Neduvelil, Ebin; Luangpanh, Krisha; Delk, Nikki A.Estrogen receptor α (ERα)ˡᵒʷ/⁻ tumors are associated with breast cancer (BCa) endocrine resistance, where ERα low tumors show a poor prognosis and a molecular profile similar to triple negative BCa tumors. Interleukin-1 (IL-1) downregulates ERα accumulation in BCa cell lines, yet the cells can remain viable. In kind, IL-1 and ERα show inverse accumulation in BCa patient tumors and IL-1 is implicated in BCa progression. IL-1 represses the androgen receptor hormone receptor in prostate cancer cells concomitant with the upregulation of the prosurvival, autophagy-related protein, Sequestome-1 (p62/SQSTM1; hereinafter, p62); and given their similar etiology, we hypothesized that IL-1 also upregulates p62 in BCa cells concomitant with hormone receptor repression. To test our hypothesis, BCa cell lines were exposed to conditioned medium from IL-1-secreting bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs), IL-1, or IL-1 receptor antagonist. Cells were analyzed for the accumulation of ERα, progesterone receptor (PR), p62, or the autophagosome membrane protein, microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3), and for p62-LC3 interaction. We found that IL-1 is sufficient to mediate BMSC-induced ERα and PR repression, p62 and autophagy upregulation, and p62-LC3 interaction in ERα⁺/PR⁺ BCa cell lines. However, IL-1 does not significantly elevate the high basal p62 accumulation or high basal autophagy in the ERα⁻/PR⁻ BCa cell lines. Thus, our observations imply that IL-1 confers a prosurvival ERα⁻/PR⁻ molecular phenotype in ERα⁺/PR⁺ BCa cells that may be dependent on p62 function and autophagy and may underlie endocrine resistance.Item Synaptosomal Mitochondrial Dysfunction In 5xFAD Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease(2018-06-01) Wang, Lu; Guo, Lan; Lu, Lin; Sun, Huili; Shao, Muming; Beck, Simon J.; Li, Lin; Ramachandran, Janani; Du, Yifeng; Du, Heng; 24824108100 (Du. H); Wang, Lu; Guo, Lan; Lu, Lin; Sun, Huili; Beck, Simon J.; Li, Lin; Ramachandran, Janani; Du, HengBrain mitochondrial dysfunction is hallmark pathology of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Recently, the role of synaptosomal mitochondrial dysfunction in the development of synaptic injury in AD has received increasing attention. Synaptosomal mitochondria are a subgroup of neuronal mitochondria specifically locating at synapses. They play an essential role in fueling synaptic functions by providing energy on the site; and their defects may lead to synaptic failure, which is an early and pronounced pathology in AD. In our previous studies we have determined early synaptosomal mitochondrial dysfunction in an AD animal model (J20 line) overexpressing human Amyloid beta (Aβ), the key mediator of AD. In view of the limitations of J20 line mice in representing the full aspects of amyloidopathy in AD cases, we employed 5xFAD mice which are thought to be a desirable paradigm of amyloidopathy as seen in AD subjects. In addition, we have also examined the status of synaptosomal mitochondrial dynamics as well as Parkin-mediated mitophagy which have not been previously investigated in this mouse model. In comparison to nontransgenic (nonTg mice), 5xFAD mice demonstrated prominent synaptosomal mitochondrial dysfunction. Moreover, synaptosomal mitochondria from the AD mouse model displayed imbalanced mitochondrial dynamics towards fission along with activated Parkin and LC3BII recruitment correlating to spatial learning and memory impairments in 5xFAD mice in an age-dependent manner. These results suggest that synaptosomal mitochondrial deficits are primary pathology in Aβ-rich environments and further confirm the relevance of synaptosomal mitochondrial deficits to the development of AD.