Browsing by Author "Zhao, X."
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Item Dual Sensitization Effect and Conductive Structure of Fe₃O₄@mTiO₂/C Photocatalyst Towards Superior Photodegradation Activity for Bisphenol A Under Visible Light(Elsevier B.V., 2019-05-31) Zhao, X.; Wang, R.; Lu, Z.; Wang, Weichao; Yan, Y.; Wang, WeichaoIn this paper, we prepared Fe₃O₄@mTiO₂/C (the mesoporous TiO₂ denoted as mTiO₂) photocatalyst via a simple synthetic method, and it exhibits strong light response under visible light region because of the dual sensitization effect of Fe₃O₄ and carbon. In addition, the composite photocatalyst also has double conductivity, which is beneficial to the transfer and separation of charge carriers due to the synergetic effect of Fe₃O₄, carbon and mTiO₂. As a consequence, the double conductive structure Fe₃O₄@mTiO₂/C photocatalyst displays prominent photocatalytic activity in degradation of BPA under visible light. Furthermore, the photocatalyst not only was recycled easily to reduce the secondary pollution of the environment but also had a superior stability. This work may provide a new inspiration toward constructing dual sensitization and double conductive structure with other semiconductor photocatalyst to effectively improve the photocatalytic activity under visible light for practical application.Item Who Will Stay and Who Will Go? Related Agglomeration and the Mortality of Professional Sports Leagues in the United States and Canada, 1871–1997(Sage Publications Ltd) Wade, J. B.; Harrison, J. Richard; Dobbs, M. E.; Zhao, X.; Harrison, J. RichardProfessional sports leagues play a major role in our society, but little attention has been given to organizational factors related to league survival. We address this issue by examining the effects of related agglomeration (the extent to which league teams are located near teams from other sports that share the same broad professional sport identity), sport age, market heterogeneity (high variance in the number of teams from other sports in its teams’ cities), and within-sport league competition (high niche overlap) on league mortality. Related agglomeration may lead to intensified competition but may also lead to benefits by producing agglomeration economies and by driving the development of regional identities. We propose that the effects of related agglomeration vary over a focal population’s life cycle. We also argue that leagues with high market heterogeneity have higher chances of failure, particularly under conditions of high competition. We test our ideas using event history analysis to examine mortality in the entire population history of professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada (which are fundamentally different from leagues in other parts of the world) from the first league founding in 1871 until 1997. We find that leagues in young sports whose teams tend to be located in cities with large numbers of other sports (high related agglomeration) suffer from higher mortality rates while leagues that are in more established sports are less likely to fail under these circumstances. Consistent with prior research, leagues are more likely to fail when they experience higher competition (higher niche overlap) with other leagues in their sport, and the effects of competition are exacerbated by high variance in the number of other sports across the leagues’ cities (high market heterogeneity). We end by discussing the implications of our results for more common multi-unit organizational forms such as franchises and by considering promising avenues for future research. © The Author(s) 2018.