Center for BrainHealth
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The Center for BrainHealth was created in 1999 and has flourished because of its unique commitment to its mission and the most significant cause of the century: To understand, protect and heal the brain. Scientific exploration at BrainHealth is leading edge, innovative and transformative, improving lives today and changing how the public thinks and acts about the brain and its health.
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Gulf War Illness Associated with Abnormal Auditory P1 Event-Related Potential: Evidence of Impaired Cholinergic Processing Replicated in a National Sample
(Elsevier Ireland Ltd, 2018-11-10)Our team previously reported event-related potential (ERP) and hyperarousal patterns from a study of one construction battalion of the U.S. Naval Reserve who served during the 1991 Persian Gulf War. We sought to replicate ... -
Event-Related Neural Oscillation Changes Following Reasoning Training in Individuals with Mild Cognitive Impairment
(Elsevier Science B.V., 2018-10-17)Emerging evidence suggests cognitive training programs targeting higher-order reasoning may strengthen not only cognitive, but also neural functions in individuals with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). However, research ... -
The Time Course of Semantic and Relational Processing During Verbal Analogical Reasoning
(Academic Press Inc Elsevier Science, 2018-12-01)Analogy is an important ability that allows humans to discover relationships between information domains that often vary in surface and relational characteristics. Cognitive neuroscience studies of analogy have demonstrated ... -
Relative Activation Patterns Associated with Self-Transcendent and Self-Enhancement Core Values: An fMRI Study of Basic Human Values Theory Concepts in Males
(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2019-04-13)Core values have been shown to influence a variety of social behaviors, but research on the brain networks supporting their effects is sparse. While undergoing fMRI scanning, twenty male participants evaluated descriptions ... -
Neural Mechanisms of Behavioral Change in Young Adults with High-Functioning Autism Receiving Virtual Reality Social Cognition Training: A Pilot Study
Measuring treatment efficacy in individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) relies primarily on behaviors, with limited evidence as to the neural mechanisms underlying these behavioral gains. This pilot study addresses ... -
Optimization of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation of Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex for Tinnitus: A Non-Linear Dose-Response Effect
Neuromodulation is defined as the process of augmenting neuroplasticity via invasive or non-invasive methods. Tinnitus is the perception of sound in the absence of its external source. The objective of this study was to ... -
Three‐Dimensional Lesion Phenotyping and Physiologic Characterization Inform Remyelination Ability in Multiple Sclerosis
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Multiple sclerosis (MS) clinical management is based upon lesion characterization from 2‐dimensional (2D) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) views. Such views fail to convey the lesion‐phenotype (ie, ... -
A Multilevel Computational Characterization of Endophenotypes in Addiction
Addiction is characterized by a profound intersubject (phenotypic) variability in the expression of addictive symptomatology and propensity to relapse following treatment. However, laboratory investigations have primarily ... -
Higher-Order Cognitive Training Effects on Processing Speed-Related Neural Activity: A Randomized Trial
Higher-order cognitive training has shown to enhance performance in older adults, but the neural mechanisms underlying performance enhancement have yet to be fully disambiguated. This randomized trial examined changes in ... -
Mapping the Operational Landscape of MicroRNAs in Synthetic Gene Circuits.
(Nature Partner Journals, 2018-10-22)MicroRNAs are a class of short, noncoding RNAs that are ubiquitous modulators of gene expression, with roles in development, homeostasis, and disease. Engineered microRNAs are now frequently used as regulatory modules in ... -
Successful Classification of Cocaine Dependence Using Brain Imaging: A Generalizable Machine Learning Approach
BACKGROUND: Neuroimaging studies have yielded significant advances in the understanding of neural processes relevant to the development and persistence of addiction. However, these advances have not explored extensively ... -
Changing Pattern In The Basal Ganglia: Motor Switching Under Reduced Dopaminergic Drive
Action selection in the basal ganglia is often described within the framework of a standard model, associating low dopaminergic drive with motor suppression. Whilst powerful, this model does not explain several clinical ... -
Enhancing Executive Function and Neural Health in Bipolar Disorder Through Reasoning Training
Cognitive deficits in executive function and memory among individuals with bipolar disorder (BD) are well-documented; however, only recently have efforts begun to address whether such cognitive deficits can be ameliorated ... -
When Physics Meets Biology: Low and High-Velocity Penetration, Blunt Impact, and Blast Injuries to the Brain
The incidence of traumatic brain injuries (TBI) in the US has reached epidemic proportions with well over 2 million new cases reported each year. TBI can occur in both civilians and warfighters, with head injuries occurring ... -
Preliminary Findings Demonstrating Latent Effects of Early Adolescent Marijuana Use Onset on Cortical Architecture
Background: As the most commonly used illicit substance during early adolescence, long-term or latent effects of early adolescent marijuana use across adolescent developmental processes remain to be determined. Methods: ... -
Altered Amygdala Connectivity in Individuals with Chronic Traumatic Brain Injury and Comorbid Depressive Symptoms
Depression is one of the most common psychiatric conditions in individuals with chronic traumatic brain injury (TBI). Though depression has detrimental effects in TBI and network dysfunction is a "hallmark" of TBI and ... -
Long-Term Effects of Marijuana Use on the Brain
Questions surrounding the effects of chronic marijuana use on brain structure continue to increase. To date, however, findings remain inconclusive. In this comprehensive study that aimed to characterize brain alterations ... -
Enhancing Inferential Abilities in Adolescence: New Hope for Students in Poverty
The ability to extrapolate essential gist through the analysis and synthesis of information, prediction of potential outcomes, abstraction of ideas, and integration of relationships with world knowledge is critical for ... -
Automatic and Reproducible Positioning of Phase-Contrast MRI for the Quantification of Global Cerebral Blood Flow
Phase-Contrast MRI (PC-MRI) is a noninvasive technique to measure blood flow. In particular, global but highly quantitative cerebral blood flow (CBF) measurement using PC-MRI complements several other CBF mapping methods ... -
Assessment of Unconstrained Cerebrovascular Reactivity Marker for Large Age-Range fMRI Studies
Breath hold (BH), a commonly used task to measure cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) in fMRI studies varies in outcome among individuals due to subject-physiology and/or BH-inspiration/expiration differences (i.e., performance). ...
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