Browsing Kilgard, Michael P. by Title
Now showing items 1-13 of 13
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A Suite of Automated Tools to Quantify Hand and Wrist Motor Function after Cervical Spinal Cord Injury
Background: Cervical spinal cord injury (cSCI) often causes chronic upper extremity disability. Reliable measurement of arm function is critical for development of therapies to improve recovery after cSCI. In this study, ... -
Abnormal Emotional Learning in a Rat Model of Autism Exposed to Valproic Acid in Utero
Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are complex neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by repetitive behavior and impaired social communication and interactions. Apart from these core symptoms, a significant number of ASD ... -
Closed-Loop Neuromodulation Restores Network Connectivity and Motor Control After Spinal Cord Injury
Recovery from serious neurological injury requires substantial rewiring of neural circuits. Precisely-timed electrical stimulation could be used to restore corrective feedback mechanisms and promote adaptive plasticity ... -
Cortical Map Plasticity as a Function of Vagus Nerve Stimulation Rate
Background: Repeatedly pairing a brief train of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) with an external event can reorganize the sensory or motor cortex. A 30 Hz train of sixteen VNS pulses paired with a tone significantly increases ... -
Effects of Vagus Nerve Stimulation on Extinction of Conditioned Fear and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms in Rats
Exposure-based therapies help patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) to extinguish conditioned fear of trauma reminders. However, controlled laboratory studies indicate that PTSD patients do not extinguish ... -
Enhancing Plasticity in Central Networks Improves Motor and Sensory Recovery after Nerve Damage
(Springer Nature, 2019-12-19)Nerve damage can cause chronic, debilitating problems including loss of motor control and paresthesia, and generates maladaptive neuroplasticity as central networks attempt to compensate for the loss of peripheral connectivity. ... -
Norepinephrine and Serotonin are Required for Vagus Nerve Stimulation Directed Cortical Plasticity
(Academic Press Inc., 2019-06-07)Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) paired with forelimb training drives robust, specific reorganization of movement representations in the motor cortex. This effect is hypothesized to be mediated by VNS-dependent engagement of ... -
Pairing Sound with Vagus Nerve Stimulation Modulates Cortical Synchrony and Phase Coherence in Tinnitus: An Exploratory Retrospective Study
Recent research has shown that vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) paired with tones or with rehabilitative training can help patients to achieve reductions in tinnitus perception or to expedite motor rehabilitation after suffering ... -
Similarity of Cortical Activity Patterns Predicts Generalization Behavior
Humans and animals readily generalize previously learned knowledge to new situations. Determining similarity is critical for assigning category membership to a novel stimulus. We tested the hypothesis that category membership ... -
Speech Sound Processing Deficits and Training-Induced Neural Plasticity in Rats with Dyslexia Gene Knockdown
In utero RNAi of the dyslexia-associated gene Kiaa0319 in rats (KIA-) degrades cortical responses to speech sounds and increases trial-by-trial variability in onset latency. We tested the hypothesis that KIA- rats would ... -
Vagus Nerve Stimulation Promotes Generalization of Conditioned Fear Extinction and Reduces Anxiety in Rats
(Elsevier Science Inc, 2018-09-21)Background: Exposure-based therapies are used to treat a variety of trauma- and anxiety-related disorders by generating successful extinction following cue exposure during treatment. The development of adjuvant strategies ... -
Vagus Nerve Stimulation Rate and Duration Determine Whether Sensory Pairing Produces Neural Plasticity
Repeatedly pairing a brief train of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) with an auditory stimulus drives reorganization of primary auditory cortex (A1), and the magnitude of this VNS-dependent plasticity is dependent on the ... -
Vagus Nerve Stimulation Reverses the Extinction Impairments in a Model of PTSD with Prolonged and Repeated Trauma
(Taylor and Francis Ltd, 2019-04-23)We have shown that vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) enhances extinction of conditioned fear and reduces anxiety in rat models of PTSD using moderate stress. However, it is still unclear if VNS can be effective in enhancing ...