Carrier Recombination in Perovskites 3D Through 0D

Lead-halide perovskites have long been demonstrated as materials with exceptional structural and optoelectronic properties. As an important crystalline material, lead-halide perovskites have potential applications in lasers, light-emitting diodes (LEDs), photovoltaic solar cells, photon detectors and biosensors, etc. By tailoring the morphological dimensionality, low-dimensional possessed distinct properties from their bulk (3D) counterparts. Due to the strong quantum confinement and octahedral site isolation, these low dimensional metal halide hybrids at the molecular level exhibit remarkable and unique properties that are significantly different from those of ABX3 perovskites. Considering the rapid development of low dimensional metal halide perovskites, we will discuss the synthesis, characterization, application, computational studies and compare various metal halide perovskites ranging from 3D through 0D. Finally, we show that a modified atomic layer deposition technique may be successfully used to protect 0D perovskite against external environment.