Cognitive Gains from Gist Reasoning Training in Adolescents with Chronic-Stage Traumatic Brain Injury

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dc.contributor.ISNI0000 0003 5170 3614 (Chapman, SB)
dc.contributor.LCNA2012043141‏ (Chapman, SB)
dc.contributor.authorCook, Lori G.en_US
dc.contributor.authorChapman, Sandra Bonden_US
dc.contributor.authorElliott, Alan C.en_US
dc.contributor.authorEvenson, Nellie N.en_US
dc.contributor.authorVinton, Kamien_US
dc.date.accessioned2014-10-03T20:47:07Z
dc.date.available2014-10-03T20:47:07Z
dc.date.created2014-06-11
dc.descriptionIncludes supplementary material.en_US
dc.description.abstractAdolescents with traumatic brain injury (TBI) typically demonstrate good recovery of previously acquired skills. However, higher-order and later emergent cognitive functions are often impaired and linked to poor outcomes in academic and social/behavioral domains. Few control trials exist that test cognitive treatment effectiveness at chronic recovery stages. The current pilot study compared the effects of two forms of cognitive training, gist reasoning (top-down) versus rote memory learning (bottom-up), on ability to abstract meanings, recall facts, and utilize core executive functions (i.e., working memory, inhibition) in 20 adolescents (ages 12-20) who were 6 months or longer post-TBI. Participants completed eight 45-min sessions over 1 month. After training, the gist reasoning group (n = 10) exhibited significant improvement in ability to abstract meanings and increased fact recall. This group also showed significant generalizations to untrained executive functions of working memory and inhibition. The memory training group (n = 10) failed to show significant gains in ability to abstract meaning or on other untrained specialized executive functions, although improved fact recall approached significance. These preliminary results suggest that relatively short-term training (6 h) utilizing a top-down reasoning approach is more effective than a bottom-up rote learning approach in achieving gains in higher-order cognitive abilities in adolescents at chronic stages of TBI. These findings need to be replicated in a larger study; nonetheless, the preliminary data suggest that traditional cognitive intervention schedules need to extend to later-stage training opportunities. Chronic-stage, higher-order cognitive trainings may serve to elevate levels of cognitive performance in adolescents with TBI. ;en_US
dc.identifier.bibliographicCitationCook, Lori G., Sandra B. Chapman, Alan C. Elliott, Nellie N. Evenson, et al. 2014. "Cognitive gains from gist reasoning training in adolescents with chronic-stage traumatic brain injury." Frontiers In Neurology 5: 87-87.en_US
dc.identifier.issn1664-2295en_US
dc.identifier.startpage87en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10735.1/4073
dc.identifier.volume5en_US
dc.publisherFrontiers Research Foundationen_US
dc.relation.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2014.00087en_US
dc.rightsCC BY 4.0 (Attribution)en_US
dc.rights©2014 The Authors.en_US
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en_US
dc.source.journalFrontiers In Neurologyen_US
dc.subjectGist reasoningen_US
dc.subjectMemoryen_US
dc.subjectStrategic Memory Advanced Reasoning Training (SMART)en_US
dc.subjectCognitionen_US
dc.subjectBrain Injuriesen_US
dc.titleCognitive Gains from Gist Reasoning Training in Adolescents with Chronic-Stage Traumatic Brain Injuryen_US
dc.typeTexten_US
dc.type.genrearticleen_US

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