Internal Temperature Prediction of Biological Tissue Based on External Measurements for the Use of Magnetothermal Breast Cancer Detection
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Abstract
Breast cancer has negatively affected the lives of women and their families all over the world. Early detection of breast cancer is vital in helping a patient stop its spread and possibly go into remission, but many detection methods lack reliability. Thermography is a form of detection that uses external thermal readings to search for tumor-induced “hot spots”, as tumors typically produce more heat than the surrounding breast tissue. However, thermography is not a reliable form of breast cancer detection because inaccurate external temperature readings are common. A possible solution to solving the inaccuracies of thermography, while continuing the noninvasive temperature measuring for breast cancer detection is dielectric heating. If an electromagnetic source is placed near breast tissue, heating will occur. In the presence of an electromagnetic wave, tumors heat up more than surrounding tissues. That temperature difference between the tumor and surrounding tissues can be detected externally. The focus of this research is to make internal temperature predictions of biological tissues based on external measurements. Simulations are used to demonstrate the effects of electromagnetic radiation on biological tissues. A mathematical model is developed to predict the internal temperature of a layered tissue phantom, and an experiment is conducted to compare the surface and internal temperatures of the phantom in the presence of an electromagnetic source.