Browsing by Author "Kim, J."
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Item How Does Home Country Bribery Affect Firms’ Foreign Market Focus?: The Case of Firms in Transition Economies(Emerald Group Publishing Ltd.) Kim, J.; Weng, D. H.; Lee, Seung-Hyun; 295606728 (Lee, S-H); Lee, Seung-HyunPurpose: Drawing on the bribery literature, this paper aims to examine the effect of bribes paid in the home country on firms’ decision to internationalize through exports from transition economies. It also investigates whether the effect of home country bribery may vary from new ventures to established firms, and from those firms that operate in an environment with high to low informal competition. Design/methodology/approach: This paper tests several hypotheses using a panel data with fixed effects based on a sample of firms in transition economies from the Business Environment and Enterprise Performance Survey. Findings: First, home country bribery in transition economies can make domestic markets more lenient and dampen firms’ motivation to seek opportunities abroad. Second, new ventures have a higher motivation to focus on their domestic markets after paying bribes. Finally, despite the benefits accrued in the home country through bribery, firms that face a higher level of informal competition in the home country are more likely to seek opportunities abroad. Practical implications: Managers in transition economies should consider their home country bribery activities in their evaluation of foreign market opportunities. Firms that use money to influence home country government officials, especially new ventures, are advised to have a more holistic view in evaluating foreign market opportunities so they will not miss out on new opportunities. Originality/value: This paper advances literature on home country institutions and the research on firm global strategies. Moreover, it also highlights several contingencies that shape the effect of home country bribery on firms’ foreign market focus.Item A New Catalyst-Embedded Hierarchical Air Electrode For High-Performance Li-O₂ Batteries(2013-06-05) Lim, H. -D; Song, H.; Gwon, H.; Park, K. -Y; Kim, J.; Bae, Y.; Kim, H.; Jung, S. -K; Kim, T.; Kim, Y. H.; Lepr©, Xavier; Ovalle-Robles, Raquel; Baughman, Ray H.; Kang, K.; 0000 0003 5232 4253 (Baughman, RH); Lepr©, Xavier; Ovalle-Robles, Raquel; Baughman, Ray H.The Li-O₂ battery holds great promise as an ultra-high-energy- density device. However, its limited rechargeability and low energy efficiency remain key barriers to its practical application. Herein, we demonstrate that the ideal electrode morphology design combined with effective catalyst decoration can enhance the rechargeability of the Li-O₂ battery over 100 cycles with full discharge and charge. An aligned carbon structure with a hierarchical micro-nano-mesh ensures facile accessibility of reaction products and provides the optimal catalytic conditions for the Pt catalyst. The new electrode is highly reversible even at the extremely high current rate of 2 A g⁻¹. Moreover, we observed clearly distinct morphologies of discharge products when the catalyst is used. The effect of catalysts on the cycle stability is discussed.Item ZnO Composite Nanolayer with Mobility Edge Quantization for Multi-Value Logic Transistors(Nature Publishing Group, 2019-04-30) Lee, L.; Hwang, Jeongwoon; Jung, J. W.; Kim, J.; Lee, H. -I; Heo, S.; Yoon, M.; Choi, S.; Van Long, N.; Park, J.; Jeong, J. W.; Kim, Jiyoung; Kim, K. R.; Kim, D. H.; Im, S.; Lee, B. H.; Cho, Kyeongjae; Sung, M. M.; 0000-0003-2781-5149 (Kim, J); 0000-0003-2698-7774 (Cho, K); 70133685 (Kim, J); 369148996084659752200 (Cho, K); Hwang, Jeongwoon; Kim, Jiyoung; Cho, KyeongjaeA quantum confined transport based on a zinc oxide composite nanolayer that has conducting states with mobility edge quantization is proposed and was applied to develop multi-value logic transistors with stable intermediate states. A composite nanolayer with zinc oxide quantum dots embedded in amorphous zinc oxide domains generated quantized conducting states at the mobility edge, which we refer to as “mobility edge quantization”. The unique quantized conducting state effectively restricted the occupied number of carriers due to its low density of states, which enable current saturation. Multi-value logic transistors were realized by applying a hybrid superlattice consisting of zinc oxide composite nanolayers and organic barriers as channels in the transistor. The superlattice channels produced multiple states due to current saturation of the quantized conducting state in the composite nanolayers. Our multi-value transistors exhibited excellent performance characteristics, stable and reliable operation with no current fluctuation, and adjustable multi-level states. ©2019, The Author(s).