Static and Dynamic Properties of Shell-Shaped Condensates

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dc.contributor.authorSun, Kuei
dc.contributor.authorPadavić, K.
dc.contributor.authorYang, F.
dc.contributor.authorVishveshwara, S.
dc.contributor.authorLannert, C.
dc.contributor.utdAuthorSun, Kuei
dc.date.accessioned2019-09-27T16:07:39Z
dc.date.available2019-09-27T16:07:39Z
dc.date.created2018-07-10
dc.description.abstractStatic, dynamic, and topological properties of hollow systems differ from those that are fully filled as a result of the presence of a boundary associated with an inner surface. Hollow Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) naturally occur in various ultracold atomic systems and possibly within neutron stars but have hitherto not been experimentally realized in isolation on Earth because of gravitational sag. Motivated by the expected first realization of fully closed BEC shells in the microgravity conditions of the Cold Atomic Laboratory aboard the International Space Station, we present a comprehensive study of spherically symmetric hollow BECs as well as the hollowing transition from a filled sphere BEC into a thin shell through central density depletion. We employ complementary analytic and numerical techniques in order to study equilibrium density profiles and the collective mode structures of condensate shells hosted by a range of trapping potentials. We identify concrete and robust signatures of the evolution from filled to hollow structures and the effects of the emergence of an inner boundary, inclusive of a dip in breathing-mode-type collective mode frequencies and a restructuring of surface mode structure across the transition. By extending our analysis to a two-dimensional transition of a disk to a ring, we show that the collective mode signatures are an essential feature of hollowing, independent of the specific geometry. Finally, we relate our work to past and ongoing experimental efforts and consider the influence of gravity on thin condensate shells. We identify the conditions under which gravitational sag is highly destructive and study the mode-mixing effects of microgravity on the collective modes of these shells. ©2018 American Physical Society.
dc.description.departmentSchool of Natural Sciences and Mathematics
dc.description.sponsorshipARO (W911NF-12-1-0334), AFOSR (FA9550-13-1-0045), NSF (PHY-1505496); National Science Foundation under Award No. DMR-1243574; NASA (SUB JPL 1553869 and 1553885).
dc.identifier.bibliographicCitationSun, K., K. Padavić, F. Yang, S. Vishveshwara, et al. 2018. "Static and dynamic properties of shell-shaped condensates." Physical Review A 98(1): art. 13609, doi: 10.1103/PhysRevA.98.013609
dc.identifier.issn2469-9926
dc.identifier.issue1
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10735.1/6919
dc.identifier.volume98
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherAmerican Physical Society
dc.relation.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.98.013609
dc.rights©2018 American Physical Society
dc.source.journalPhysical Review A
dc.subjectBose-Einstein condensation
dc.subjectInternational Space Station--Cold Atomic Laboratory
dc.subjectGravity
dc.titleStatic and Dynamic Properties of Shell-Shaped Condensates
dc.title.alternativePhysical Review A
dc.type.genrearticle

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